Specialty Articles
335
November 05, 2019
I Want to Keg My Soda, How Do I Carbonate It?
Kegging is great for soda, seeing that the kegs a brewer uses for beer used to contain soda. We will point out that it is a good idea to dedicate a keg solely for soda as the soda flavor does tend to work itself into the plastic o-rings inside the keg. If you do want to switch back to beer, just ..... Read More
Kegging is great for soda, seeing that the kegs a brewer uses for beer used to contain soda. We will point out that i..... Read More

November 04, 2019
Instructions on How to Make Hard Cider
Brewing hard cider from nonalcoholic, or “sweet” cider is a simple process, and the inebriating end product is as delicious as it is discombobulating. Here are the steps you’ll follow to make hard cider of your own. Checklist of Cider Brewing Equipment 5 Gal. Stainless Steel brewing pot Long-..... Read More
Brewing hard cider from nonalcoholic, or “sweet” cider is a simple process, and the inebriating end product is as del..... Read More

October 29, 2019
Hard Cider
If you are already making beer and wine at home, the jump to cider is simple. The equipment is exactly the same. Spoiler Alert: it's actually easier than brewing beer! If you're brand new to the world of craft beverages, we will give you a step-by-step guide to help you make your first batch of c..... Read More
If you are already making beer and wine at home, the jump to cider is simple. The equipment is exactly the same. Spoi..... Read More
October 28, 2019
How to Make Kombucha
Step-by-Step Kombucha Making Instructions: Add 1 quart of water to your pot and bring to a boil. When a boil is reached, turn off the burner. Add 2 Tbsp of the loose leaf tea to the tea ball. Place the tea ball into the water and steep for 6 minutes. Remove the tea ball. Add 1 cup of raw cane su..... Read More
Step-by-Step Kombucha Making Instructions: Add 1 quart of water to your pot and bring to a boil. When a boil is reac..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Can I double or triple a recipes for making cheese?
Yes. You should be able to increase amounts of culture and rennet proportionately. The times and temperatures should be close to what the recipes call for. Brining time is simply a matter of scale - increase proportionate to cheese volume. (As in life, nothing works perfectly, so you may need to ..... Read More
Yes. You should be able to increase amounts of culture and rennet proportionately. The times and temperatures should ..... Read More

October 25, 2019
India Pale Ale
Commonly referred to as an I.P.A. — A strong, hoppy Pale ale. The style originated in Britain in the 19th century, and had a high alcohol content and hopping rate, allowing it to survive the long sea voyage to India... Read More
Commonly referred to as an I.P.A. — A strong, hoppy Pale ale. The style originated in Britain in the 19th century, an..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Should I ever throw away a SCOBY layer?
With proper care, SCOBYs can last many generations. But when you see excessive, dark yeast growth on a SCOBY layer, or if it starts producing Kombucha that tasted bad or overly acidic, it’s time to say goodbye. New kombucha recipes can be found here... Read More
With proper care, SCOBYs can last many generations. But when you see excessive, dark yeast growth on a SCOBY layer, o..... Read More

October 25, 2019
What the heck is a SCOBY Hotel?
The more Kombucha you brew, the more layers of SCOBY you’ll produce. Giving SCOBY away to friends is a great way to create Kombucha converts. But what if you don’t have a booch-curious friend standing by? That’s where the SCOBY Hotel comes in handy. It’s a safe, healthy place to store your spare..... Read More
The more Kombucha you brew, the more layers of SCOBY you’ll produce. Giving SCOBY away to friends is a great way to c..... Read More

October 25, 2019
My “mother” SCOBY had a “baby.” How do I care for it?
First off, Congrats! If your mother SCOBY is healthy, it should produce a brand-new, bouncing baby SCOBY with each batch. That’s a lot of offspring. Here’s how to keep your SCOBY happy and healthy. Typically, the baby SCOBY forms on the surface of your Kombucha tea, eventually covering it and me..... Read More
First off, Congrats! If your mother SCOBY is healthy, it should produce a brand-new, bouncing baby SCOBY with each ba..... Read More

October 25, 2019
There are floaters, blobs or baby SCOBYs in my bottled booch. What do I do?
That is entirely up to you. They won’t hurt you if you drink them, so if you’re feeling adventurous, go ahead and send them down the hatch. Some people claim that these concentrated, bonus blobs are even more beneficial to your health than drinking plain ol’ filtered Kombucha. But if you just ca..... Read More
That is entirely up to you. They won’t hurt you if you drink them, so if you’re feeling adventurous, go ahead and sen..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Will my Kombucha ever expire or go bad?
Kombucha has a lengthy shelf life due to its high pH levels, which keep microorganisms at bay. But you may notice Kombucha that is stored for a month or more can taste different or not as fresh, due to continuous fermentation, even when stored in the fridge. Best to drink it when fresh to enjoy t..... Read More
Kombucha has a lengthy shelf life due to its high pH levels, which keep microorganisms at bay. But you may notice Kom..... Read More

October 25, 2019
When is my Kombucha ready to drink?
Brew times vary depending on the temperature. In warm weather, or if you can keep your booch around 78-82 degrees, you may see your first signs of a “baby” SCOBY forming on top of your brew within 4-7 days. With colder temps it may take weeks. Since brew times can vary from 1-4 weeks depending ..... Read More
Brew times vary depending on the temperature. In warm weather, or if you can keep your booch around 78-82 degrees, y..... Read More

October 25, 2019
How should my SCOBY look and behave?
When you receive your SCOBY, it will look like a flat, rubbery disc or segment, floating in rich Kombucha starter liquid. Once you add it to your sweetened tea, it may sink or float or stand on end. And, depending on the temperature, within 7-10 days, your tea should develop a transparent film o..... Read More
When you receive your SCOBY, it will look like a flat, rubbery disc or segment, floating in rich Kombucha starter liq..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Hydrometer
A hydrometer is a floating instrument for determining specific gravities; especially of liquids and solutions. It is usually a hollow glass or metal instrument, weighted at one end so as to float upright. The stem of the instrument is graduated so as to indicate the gravity of the liquid. Many in..... Read More
A hydrometer is a floating instrument for determining specific gravities; especially of liquids and solutions. It is ..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Hops
One of the four main ingredients in beer. The flower or cone of a perennial vine that contributes to the bitterness, flavor, and aroma in beer. They are considered the "spice" of beer, and there are many varieties of beer hops that each impart different flavors, aromas, and bitterness levels... Read More
One of the four main ingredients in beer. The flower or cone of a perennial vine that contributes to the bitterness, ..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Bittering Hops
Beer hops used early in the boil to impart bitterness. They do not generally impart much flavor or aroma... Read More
Beer hops used early in the boil to impart bitterness. They do not generally impart much flavor or aroma... Read More

October 25, 2019
Hop Jack
A hop strainer... Read More
A hop strainer... Read More

October 25, 2019
How should I store roasted coffee beans?
Room temperature in a sealable glass jar like a mason jar works very well. Don't store coffee beans in the freezer. Roasted coffee beans give off CO2 up to 24 hours after roasting. This can be allowed to vent off by leaving the lid loose for the first 4-24 hours. After this period, the container ..... Read More
Room temperature in a sealable glass jar like a mason jar works very well. Don't store coffee beans in the freezer. R..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Why should I roast coffee beans at home?
Roasting your own coffee is easy! Whether it's with a Whirley-Pop, air popper, fluid air roaster, or home drum coffee roaster, it's quick and easy to roast high quality beans at home for brewing the best, freshest coffee possible. Roasting your own coffee saves time. No weekly trips to the local..... Read More
Roasting your own coffee is easy! Whether it's with a Whirley-Pop, air popper, fluid air roaster, or home drum coffee..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Base Malt
Malt such as pale malt that serves as the "backbone" of the beer, as well as the main sugar source for fermentation... Read More
Malt such as pale malt that serves as the "backbone" of the beer, as well as the main sugar source for fermentation... Read More

October 25, 2019
How do I make mozzarella cheese?
First, here’s a checklist of everything you’ll need to make your own delicious mozzarella cheese at home. These items are conveniently bundled together for you in our Mozzarella Cheese Kit. ↠ Cheese Salt ↠ Tablet Vegetable Rennet ↠ Cheese Cloth ↠ Laboratory..... Read More
First, here’s a checklist of everything you’ll need to make your own delicious mozzarella cheese at home. These items..... Read More

October 25, 2019
I'm interested in making cheese. What are the basics?
How is home cheese making different from commercial? Home cheese making differs from commercial cheese making in scale and in the need to produce exact duplicate products day after day for retail markets. Commercial cheese makers employ the same raw ingredients as home cheese makers, but their kn..... Read More
How is home cheese making different from commercial? Home cheese making differs from commercial cheese making in scal..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Diacetyl
Diacetyl is an organic compound belonging to the chemical group known as ketones. It is a fermentation by-product that may lend buttery or butterscotch notes to beer. This is considered an off-flavor in excessive amounts in any beer, however it is considered an off-flavor in most lagers in any am..... Read More
Diacetyl is an organic compound belonging to the chemical group known as ketones. It is a fermentation by-product tha..... Read More

October 25, 2019
How do I make cheddar cheese at home?
First, you’ll need some equipment. You may have some of these items around the house, or Midwest has them conveniently packaged together in our Hard Cheese Kit.Please note, our Advanced Cheese Kit also includes everything you need to make hard cheeses like cheddar. Midwest’s Hard Cheese Kit has e..... Read More
First, you’ll need some equipment. You may have some of these items around the house, or Midwest has them convenientl..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Hot Break
Material which precipitates out of the wort during the boil, consisting primarily of proteins and tannins. One of the components of trub. Hot break is generally removed prior to fermentation... Read More
Material which precipitates out of the wort during the boil, consisting primarily of proteins and tannins. One of the..... Read More

October 25, 2019
DMS- (Dimethyl Sulfide)
An off-flavor is excessive amounts that resembles the aroma or flavor of canned corn/cooked vegetables... Read More
An off-flavor is excessive amounts that resembles the aroma or flavor of canned corn/cooked vegetables... Read More

October 25, 2019
Original Gravity
Abbreviated O.G. Strictly speaking, the specific gravity, but usually taken Gravity to mean the degree Balling or Plato of the wort leaving the brew kettle... Read More
Abbreviated O.G. Strictly speaking, the specific gravity, but usually taken Gravity to mean the degree Balling or Pla..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Esters
The "fruity" flavor or aroma most commonly found in ales. Created from the interaction between acids and alcohol... Read More
The "fruity" flavor or aroma most commonly found in ales. Created from the interaction between acids and alcohol... Read More

October 25, 2019
Steeping
Steeping is like making tea- you’re extracting flavor from grains and sugar/flavor/color release into water. Steeping contributes much more color and flavor to a beer than sugars... Read More
Steeping is like making tea- you’re extracting flavor from grains and sugar/flavor/color release into water. Steeping..... Read More

October 25, 2019
What is a Scoville Unit and how is it measured?
Hot sauces are made from chili peppers, so it's only natural that both hot sauces and chili peppers follow the same units of heat measurement, which is call the Scoville unit. The Scoville unit was named for Wilbur Scoville in 1912. At the time, he worked for a pharmaceutical company named Parke-..... Read More
Hot sauces are made from chili peppers, so it's only natural that both hot sauces and chili peppers follow the same u..... Read More

October 25, 2019
How hard is it to make soda?
If you can boil water, you can make soda. Seriously, it is that easy. Midwest offers many different soda extracts so you are able to find a flavor that you like. We offer are Root Beer soda extract. Once you have the equipment needed (and many homebrewers/winemakers have all of this stuff already..... Read More
If you can boil water, you can make soda. Seriously, it is that easy. Midwest offers many different soda extracts so ..... Read More

October 25, 2019
How do you roast coffee at home?
Roasting coffee at home is fun and easy to learn. Our automatic coffee roasters take a lot of the guesswork out of the process, so in no time you’ll be enjoying some of the most delicious coffee you’ve ever tasted, rivaling even that of your local coffee shop. Roasting time may vary slightly depe..... Read More
Roasting coffee at home is fun and easy to learn. Our automatic coffee roasters take a lot of the guesswork out of th..... Read More

October 25, 2019
How Do I Make Hot Sauce?
Making fresh homemade hot sauce from scratch is fun and easy to do in a few steps. You do not have to be a trained chief or a barbeque pit master to create your own recipes. The process of making sauce will teach you a lot about the sauces you buy and how the ingredients can impact the final flav..... Read More
Making fresh homemade hot sauce from scratch is fun and easy to do in a few steps. You do not have to be a trained ch..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Cold Break
Materials that precipitate out of the wort when it is chilled, consisting primarily of proteins and tannins. One of the components of trub. Some experts claim that carrying at least some of the cold break over into the fermenter is beneficial, because it acts as a yeast nutrient... Read More
Materials that precipitate out of the wort when it is chilled, consisting primarily of proteins and tannins. One of t..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Dry-Hopping
Adding hops to finished beer which provides hop aroma and flavor but no bitterness... Read More
Adding hops to finished beer which provides hop aroma and flavor but no bitterness... Read More

October 25, 2019
Mashing
Mashing is when you use malts that have diastatic power to actually convert starches into fermentable sugars. The key is to use a prescribed amount of water at a prescribed temperature, and the proper amount of malt with diastatic power to convert. You must have base malt for this process, or mal..... Read More
Mashing is when you use malts that have diastatic power to actually convert starches into fermentable sugars. The key..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Mead Gravities
Variety: Sparking mead lb./gal: 2 Original Gravity: 1.070-1.075 Final Gravity: .996 Variety: Dry (still) lb./gal: 2-2.5 Original Gravity: up to 1.110 Final Gravity: 1.000-1.010 Variety: Medium (still) lb./gal: 2.5-3 Original Gravity: 1.110-1.120 Final Gravity: 1.010-1.015 Variety: Sweet (still) l..... Read More
Variety: Sparking mead lb./gal: 2 Original Gravity: 1.070-1.075 Final Gravity: .996 Variety: Dry (still) lb./gal: 2-2..... Read More

October 25, 2019
What is the difference between Coarse Cheesecloth and Butter Muslin?
Coarse cheesecloth is generally used to for making hard cheese to drain large curds, line cheese molds, etc. Butter Muslin is a fine cheesecloth and is used to drain soft cheeses. Both Coarse Cheesecloth and Butter Muslin can be reused: rinse in COLD water after use and then wash in the washing m..... Read More
Coarse cheesecloth is generally used to for making hard cheese to drain large curds, line cheese molds, etc. Butter M..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Does my water source matter when making cheese?
Yes, it is important to use unchlorinated water during the cheese making process. Chlorinated water will stop the enzyme action of the rennet. If you don’t know whether your tap water is chlorinated, call your local water department. If it is chlorinated, you may choose to buy distilled water or ..... Read More
Yes, it is important to use unchlorinated water during the cheese making process. Chlorinated water will stop the enz..... Read More

October 25, 2019
How do I decide whether to make a mother culture or use direct set packets?
For most purposes, we recommend using the direct set cultures. When you use them, you are sure of the amount of culture activity you are getting. When you make a mother culture, you are exposing the culture to the freezing and thawing process which affects the balance of bacteria. Mother cultures..... Read More
For most purposes, we recommend using the direct set cultures. When you use them, you are sure of the amount of cultu..... Read More

October 25, 2019
How do I decide which cultures to buy?
Our recipes specify which kinds of cultures to use. Thermophilic cultures are for cheeses scalded to higher temperatures (104-140F) and Mesophilic cultures are for those never exceeding 102F... Read More
Our recipes specify which kinds of cultures to use. Thermophilic cultures are for cheeses scalded to higher temperatu..... Read More

October 25, 2019
What are starter cultures?
Cheese cultures are combined single strains of bacteria that were isolated many years ago from cheese dairies producing great cheese. They are currently maintained as pure strains by the culture companies we buy from. There is no animal tissue derivation, they are non-GMO and they are gluten-free..... Read More
Cheese cultures are combined single strains of bacteria that were isolated many years ago from cheese dairies produci..... Read More

October 25, 2019
How do I brine my cheese?
After pressing, the cheese is moved to a cool area to stabilize its temperature to that of the brine. (Brining a warm cheese will increase the rate of salt absorption and cause over salting.) Prepare your brine or, if you have been keeping a good brine, simply pour this into a non reactive pan. ..... Read More
After pressing, the cheese is moved to a cool area to stabilize its temperature to that of the brine. (Brining a warm..... Read More

October 25, 2019
How do I use a Cheese Mold?
This mold (small mold or Tomme Mold) is pretty straight forward to use. Sanitize it, use cheesecloth to line it, and fill it with curds. Insert the follower and press or use a weight, according to your recipe. Make sure you remove it from the press, flip it and rewrap it with cheesecloth several ..... Read More
This mold (small mold or Tomme Mold) is pretty straight forward to use. Sanitize it, use cheesecloth to line it, and ..... Read More

October 25, 2019
I am not getting curds. Is it the milk or the rennet?
The odds are very good that it is a milk problem. Check the milk or curd below the surface. Bring a spoonful up from the bottom and if it is different, you have a problem milk. Try your recipe again with a good local cow's milk. Whenever possible, look for a local brand. This is because long, col..... Read More
The odds are very good that it is a milk problem. Check the milk or curd below the surface. Bring a spoonful up from ..... Read More

October 25, 2019
How do I maintain my milk at the appropriate temperature for long periods of time?
A kitchen sink is the best choice for this. The easiest way to keep a pot or vat of milk up to temperature is to put it into a sink full of hot water. As the milk begins to warm to target temperature and the bath begins to cool, drain some water from the sink and add some of your boiling water to..... Read More
A kitchen sink is the best choice for this. The easiest way to keep a pot or vat of milk up to temperature is to put ..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Can I make cheese without salt? Do I have to use cheese salt?
Mozzarella and Ricotta are two cheeses that do not require salt. All of the soft cheeses may be made without salt. Salt is added to these simply for flavor. The hard cheeses and mold-ripened cheeses do require salt. Salt is used in cheese making, not just for flavor, but to slow the bacteria down..... Read More
Mozzarella and Ricotta are two cheeses that do not require salt. All of the soft cheeses may be made without salt. Sa..... Read More

October 25, 2019
How do I choose which rennet to use?
Rennet is standardized, so all the different kinds of rennet (liquid, tablet or powder) work the same to set milk. Liquid is the easiest to work with because you can measure it very precisely. However, the powders and tablets will keep better under more adverse conditions. Calf rennet is consider..... Read More
Rennet is standardized, so all the different kinds of rennet (liquid, tablet or powder) work the same to set milk. Li..... Read More

October 25, 2019
What is Rennet?
Rennet is an enzyme used in the cheese making process to coagulate or set milk and allow cheese curds to form.Traditional Animal Rennet is an enzyme derived from the stomachs of calves, lambs, or goats before they consume anything but milk. Rennet used in cheese making is about 90% pure chymosin...... Read More
Rennet is an enzyme used in the cheese making process to coagulate or set milk and allow cheese curds to form.Traditi..... Read More

October 25, 2019
What should I look for when buying my milk for cheese?
Whenever possible, look for a local brand. This is because long, cold storage and transportation is problematic for milk. The closer the milk is to the source (cows, goats, etc.) the better for cheese making. Another factor is the heat at which the milk has been pasteurized. If the milk clearly s..... Read More
Whenever possible, look for a local brand. This is because long, cold storage and transportation is problematic for m..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Can I make cheese from pasteurized/homogenized milk?
All of our recipes work with most store bought milks. (It has always been our mission to make cheese making accessible to everyone.) You may use whole, skim or any percent of milk in our recipes. Whole milk gives a higher yield and tastes best because of the butterfat it contains, whereas skim mi..... Read More
All of our recipes work with most store bought milks. (It has always been our mission to make cheese making accessibl..... Read More

October 25, 2019
APO FPO USPS Mail FAQ
We are sorry for the inconvenience but, at this time, we do not ship to APO/FPO addresses... Read More
We are sorry for the inconvenience but, at this time, we do not ship to APO/FPO addresses... Read More

October 25, 2019
Shipping weights, cost...
Why does shipping on my $2 order cost $10? Midwest’s shipping is determined by UPS's calculations for distance and size. We always do our best to package and ship in the most economical way possible. And issue refunds where appropriate... Read More
Why does shipping on my $2 order cost $10? Midwest’s shipping is determined by UPS's calculations for distance and si..... Read More

October 25, 2019
I made my order a few days ago and still have not received a tracking number for my order.
Tracking numbers update the evening of their shipment once packages have been scanned for the first time. If you create an account on our website, you will be able to access this information and track directly from your account. Your order is still on its way and should reach you on/before the es..... Read More
Tracking numbers update the evening of their shipment once packages have been scanned for the first time. If you crea..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Gift Certificate
It’s simple, just add our gift certificate to your shopping cart, specify the amount you’d like to be on the gift certificate. Determine whether you would like to have a "Virtual Certificate" sent directly to a friend's email address, complete with gift message - perfect for late birthdays! Or, i..... Read More
It’s simple, just add our gift certificate to your shopping cart, specify the amount you’d like to be on the gift cer..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Do you ship overseas to APO and FPO addresses?
Midwest Supplies does not ship to military APO/FPO addresses. For more information, visit our Shipping Information page... Read More
Midwest Supplies does not ship to military APO/FPO addresses. For more information, visit our Shipping Information page... Read More

October 25, 2019
I just roasted a batch of coffee at home, when is it ready to brew with?
Roasted coffee beans need some time to de-gas CO2, which is created in the roasting process. Because of this, coffee made from your beans will be better after 4-24 hours from roasting. Coffee will be at its best within 12-72 hours of roasting... Read More
Roasted coffee beans need some time to de-gas CO2, which is created in the roasting process. Because of this, coffee ..... Read More

October 25, 2019
What options do I have to make my own liquor?
When it comes to making liquor at home, there are two options. One is making a Classic Liquors Kit. The second is using a Liquor Quik essence. Let’s tell you the differences between the two. Liquor Quik essences can be the most basic way to make your own liquor at home. All you have to do is add ..... Read More
When it comes to making liquor at home, there are two options. One is making a Classic Liquors Kit. The second is usi..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Is it legal to make liquor at home?
It is legal to make liquor at home as long as you do not use a still. You might want to check with your state laws because some states limit the percentage of alcohol you can make at home. Each of the Classic Liquors kits will make around 20 - 25% alcohol without the need for a still. This is aro..... Read More
It is legal to make liquor at home as long as you do not use a still. You might want to check with your state laws be..... Read More

October 25, 2019
What equipment do I need to make liquor?
Let’s start off by saying that you are not going to need, or use, a still with the liquor kits that are on the market. These are lower alcohol liquors that are very similar to the alcohol content in schnapps. Most of the kits will make roughly 20-25% alcohol. Here is a list of the equipment you n..... Read More
Let’s start off by saying that you are not going to need, or use, a still with the liquor kits that are on the market..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Can I use apple cider from the supermarket to make hard or sweet cider?
No. Cider purchased at the super market will almost always contain preservatives and will not allow the juice to start fermenting. State and local laws require producers to treat apples with anti bacterial sprays prior to pressing and many require that stabilizers be added prior to sale. Go to yo..... Read More
No. Cider purchased at the super market will almost always contain preservatives and will not allow the juice to star..... Read More

October 25, 2019
What is the process for making soda?
The process for making soda is very simple and fun! Each extract kit will have their own specific directions, but we’ll give you a general run down of how it works. PLEASE NOTE: The Sprecher extracts can ONLY be made with a kegging system. Step-by-step Clean & Sanitize any equipment that is g..... Read More
The process for making soda is very simple and fun! Each extract kit will have their own specific directions, but we’..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Why do you want to use plastic bottles over glass ones for soda?
When it comes to making soda at home it is strongly encouraged to use plastic PET bottles over glass beer bottles for a number of reasons. Once a person gets the timing down of how long it takes to carbonate a soda in your area, (based on the climate of your region) then some people will switch t..... Read More
When it comes to making soda at home it is strongly encouraged to use plastic PET bottles over glass beer bottles for..... Read More

October 25, 2019
What equipment do I need to make soda?
Soda making is a great activity to do with the kids. It is very easy to do, and kids get a kick out of helping out. Plus, they actually get to drink what you’ve made this time. All you need is some very basic equipment and you are good to go. Equipment Soda making equipment kit (6.5 gallon bottli..... Read More
Soda making is a great activity to do with the kids. It is very easy to do, and kids get a kick out of helping out. P..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Can I bottle my homemade soda like I would my beer?
No. If you put soda into glass bottles, you run the risk of having them explode on you. Midwest suggests putting homemade soda into either 2 liter plastic soda bottles, or using the 500 ml P.E.T. Soda Bottles and plastic screw caps available in our catalog or on our website... Read More
No. If you put soda into glass bottles, you run the risk of having them explode on you. Midwest suggests putting home..... Read More

October 25, 2019
How do I make homemade soda?
Making your own soda at home is incredibly easy. The needed supplies are: a bottling bucket, a big stirring spoon, a racking cane, bottle filler and some siphon tubing. You simply pour the soda extract into the bottling bucket, add the amount of table sugar and water directed on the package, add ..... Read More
Making your own soda at home is incredibly easy. The needed supplies are: a bottling bucket, a big stirring spoon, a ..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Can I keg my homemade soda?
Absolutely. You can even force carbonate it. If you are kegging your soda, you can just make the soda right in the keg, omitting the champagne yeast, and force carbonate it just as you would with beer. It is a good idea to dedicate a keg to soda making since the flavors can get trapped in the O-r..... Read More
Absolutely. You can even force carbonate it. If you are kegging your soda, you can just make the soda right in the ke..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Zymurgy
The chemistry of Fermentation with Yeasts, especially the Science involved in Beer and Wine Making... Read More
The chemistry of Fermentation with Yeasts, especially the Science involved in Beer and Wine Making... Read More

October 25, 2019
Zymase
A group of enzymes (originally found in yeasts and bacteria) which, in the presence of oxygen, convert glucose and a few other carbohydrates into carbon dioxide and water or, in the absence of oxygen, into alcohol and carbon dioxide or into lactic acid... Read More
A group of enzymes (originally found in yeasts and bacteria) which, in the presence of oxygen, convert glucose and a ..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Zinfandel
Also known as Primativo, Zinfandel is at home in California. Zinfandels range in style from fruity blush wines, to fresh early drinking reds, to almost portlike reds. Zinfandel is a great example of how terrior influences and winemaking techniques can make totally different wines from the same gr..... Read More
Also known as Primativo, Zinfandel is at home in California. Zinfandels range in style from fruity blush wines, to fr..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Zest
Term often used to describe the 'bite' that some wines have in them. Usually associated with new, or young, wines. The zest is often due to the alcohol in the wine... Read More
Term often used to describe the 'bite' that some wines have in them. Usually associated with new, or young, wines. Th..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Yield of
Number of pounds of extract, obtained from 100 pounds of brewing material, given in percent. Also kilos extract per kilo brewing material. Distinguish between laboratory yield of malt and adjunct which is determined by standard ASBC methods and brewhouse yield, which depends on equipment and oper..... Read More
Number of pounds of extract, obtained from 100 pounds of brewing material, given in percent. Also kilos extract per k..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Yeast nutrient
A brewing additive which adds free amino nitrogen (FAN), a substance which is essential for good yeast health. Think of it as fertilizer for your yeast. As with yeast energizer, should not be necessary for beer wort, since malt already contains all of the essential nutrients for your yeast... Read More
A brewing additive which adds free amino nitrogen (FAN), a substance which is essential for good yeast health. Think ..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Yeast energizer
A brewing additive which is typically produced by extracting the "futs" of yeast cells in a centrifuge. Provides essential nutrients to the yeast. Since barley malt already contains all of hte nutrients that yeast need, yeast energizer is generally unnecessary when brewing beer. It may be more he..... Read More
A brewing additive which is typically produced by extracting the "futs" of yeast cells in a centrifuge. Provides esse..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Yeast Crop
Yeast collected from fermentors during or after the fermentation... Read More
Yeast collected from fermentors during or after the fermentation... Read More

October 25, 2019
Yeast
One of the four main ingredients used in making beer. A group of unicellular organisms of the family Saccharomycetaceae which ferment sugars to alcohol and carbon dioxide by virtue of its enzymes (Zymase). A general term for single-celled fungi that reproduce by budding. Some yeasts can ferment c..... Read More
One of the four main ingredients used in making beer. A group of unicellular organisms of the family Saccharomycetace..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Wort
Basically, unfermented beer. You will have made wort after the mashing and sparging process. Liquid or Dry malt extract can be described as a concentrated wort. Pronounced "wert.".. Read More
Basically, unfermented beer. You will have made wort after the mashing and sparging process. Liquid or Dry malt extra..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Witbier
A pale, cloudy beer, brewed with a high percentage of unmalted wheat (and sometimes oats), and spiced with coriander and orange peel... Read More
A pale, cloudy beer, brewed with a high percentage of unmalted wheat (and sometimes oats), and spiced with coriander ..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Weizenbock
WeizenbockA Weizen (German-style wheat ale) which has been brewed to Bockstrength (OG of at least 1.066)... Read More
WeizenbockA Weizen (German-style wheat ale) which has been brewed to Bockstrength (OG of at least 1.066)... Read More

October 25, 2019
Scrumpy
ScrumpyScrumpy is a term used to describe hard ciders made in West Country in England. It can be used in reference to commercial or homemade hard cider. Scrumpy can be dry or sweet, and is generally higher in alcohol. It is usually cloudy, is served still instead of carbonated, and can be rather ..... Read More
ScrumpyScrumpy is a term used to describe hard ciders made in West Country in England. It can be used in reference to..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Wine Conditioner
Mixture of liquid invert sugar and sorbic acid, used to sweeten finished wine... Read More
Mixture of liquid invert sugar and sorbic acid, used to sweeten finished wine... Read More

October 25, 2019
Wild Yeast
Uninvited yeast other than our cultured yeasts... Read More
Uninvited yeast other than our cultured yeasts... Read More

October 25, 2019
Whirlpool
Round cylindrical flat bottom tank into which hot wort from the brew kettle is pumped at high velocity tangentially to its straight wall. This high speed stream causes the wort in the tank to rotate slowly and to deposit its trub in a more or less compact cone in the center of the tank... Read More
Round cylindrical flat bottom tank into which hot wort from the brew kettle is pumped at high velocity tangentially t..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Wheat
The second most common grain used in beer brewing. Malted wheat makes up at least 50% of the grist of traditional Weizen and Hefeweizen beers, and may also be added in lesser amounts in other styles (generally as an aid to head retention). Unmalted wheat makes up a substantial percentage of the g..... Read More
The second most common grain used in beer brewing. Malted wheat makes up at least 50% of the grist of traditional Wei..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Weizen
A German-style wheat ale, with a fruity/spicy character imparted by unique yeast strains. Unfiltered versions are generally referred to as Hefeweizen... Read More
A German-style wheat ale, with a fruity/spicy character imparted by unique yeast strains. Unfiltered versions are gen..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Wax
Any one of a class of substances of plant or animal origin, insoluble in water, partly soluble in alcohol, ether, etc., and miscible (mixable) in all proportions with oils and fats. They consist of esters and often, in addition, free fatty acids, free alcohols and higher hydrocarbons... Read More
Any one of a class of substances of plant or animal origin, insoluble in water, partly soluble in alcohol, ether, etc..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Volatile Acid
Acid created during fermentation or spoilage; for example, vinegar... Read More
Acid created during fermentation or spoilage; for example, vinegar... Read More

October 25, 2019
Viscosity
Stickiness, aka; the resistance offered by a fluid (liquid or gas) to flow. The viscosity is a characteristic property and is a measure of the combined effects of adhesion and cohesion... Read More
Stickiness, aka; the resistance offered by a fluid (liquid or gas) to flow. The viscosity is a characteristic propert..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Vinous
Winelike; tasting or smelling like good wine.. Read More
Winelike; tasting or smelling like good wine.. Read More

October 25, 2019
Vienna Lager
An amber or light brown lager, with a light toasted character... Read More
An amber or light brown lager, with a light toasted character... Read More

October 25, 2019
Victory malt
Victory Malt is a toasted malt, similar to biscuit malt, that can improve body and head retention in beer. The color is between 25-28 Lovibond, and has been described as slightly red or amber in color with highlights of orange... Read More
Victory Malt is a toasted malt, similar to biscuit malt, that can improve body and head retention in beer. The color ..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Vertical tasting
A tasting of several different vintages of the exact same wine or beer... Read More
A tasting of several different vintages of the exact same wine or beer... Read More

October 25, 2019
Vat
Usually a fermenting or storage vessel... Read More
Usually a fermenting or storage vessel... Read More

October 25, 2019
Upperdough
The sludge on top of the layer of grains in a straining tank, consisting of finely divided light particles, mostly coagulated protein... Read More
The sludge on top of the layer of grains in a straining tank, consisting of finely divided light particles, mostly co..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Underdough
The sludge contained between the false bottom and the real bottom of a straining tank. It consists of rather hard parts of the mash and contains at times considerable amounts of starch... Read More
The sludge contained between the false bottom and the real bottom of a straining tank. It consists of rather hard par..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Turbinado sugar
Cane sugar which has not been fully refined. Still contains some of the natural molasses, giving it a golden color, and a rum-like flavor. Sometimes called raw sugar... Read More
Cane sugar which has not been fully refined. Still contains some of the natural molasses, giving it a golden color, a..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Turbid
Cloudy or opaque... Read More
Cloudy or opaque... Read More

October 25, 2019
Trub
(pronounced troob) The whitish, scummy layer that forms on the bottom of fermenting wort containing precipitated proteins, dead or dying yeast cells, lipids and fats, and other molecules. If beer is not removed from contact with the trub after two to three weeks, off flavors can develop... Read More
(pronounced troob) The whitish, scummy layer that forms on the bottom of fermenting wort containing precipitated pro..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Tripel
A pale, very strong Belgian ale. high alcohol content is achieved without making the beer too sweet, but adding generous amounts of sucrose (cane or beet sugar) to the wort. This can be done without the negative flavor impacts generally associated with the use of sucrose, because there is also a ..... Read More
A pale, very strong Belgian ale. high alcohol content is achieved without making the beer too sweet, but adding gener..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Treacle
The British term for molasses... Read More
The British term for molasses... Read More

October 25, 2019
Trappist ale
In its broadest sense, refers to any style of ale that is brewed in a Trappist monastery. The most commonly seen sub-styles of Trappist Ale are Dubbel and Tripel; other beers which do not fit either of these styles may still be referred to as Trappist Ales, provided that they are still brewed at ..... Read More
In its broadest sense, refers to any style of ale that is brewed in a Trappist monastery. The most commonly seen sub-..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Torrified
Puffed. Many grains are available in torrified form, alas, all must be mashed... Read More
Puffed. Many grains are available in torrified form, alas, all must be mashed... Read More

October 25, 2019
Titration
A method, or the process, of using a standard solution to determine the strength of another solution... Read More
A method, or the process, of using a standard solution to determine the strength of another solution... Read More

October 25, 2019
Temperature rest
In all-grain brewing, refers to bringing the mash to a specific temperature, and holding that temperature for a specified period of time... Read More
In all-grain brewing, refers to bringing the mash to a specific temperature, and holding that temperature for a speci..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Tannin
Astringent polyphenol compounds that can cause haze and/or join with large proteins to precipitate them from solution. Tannins are most commonly found in the grain husks and hop cone material... Read More
Astringent polyphenol compounds that can cause haze and/or join with large proteins to precipitate them from solution..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Sweet wine
Wine with more than 2% residual sugar.. Read More
Wine with more than 2% residual sugar.. Read More

October 25, 2019
Sweet Stout
A sub-style of Stout characterized by a sweet taste. The sweetness is usually achieved by the addition of lactose (a.k.a. milksugar), which is not fermentable by brewers yeast. Because of the use of lactose, it is also sometimes referred to as Milk Stout... Read More
A sub-style of Stout characterized by a sweet taste. The sweetness is usually achieved by the addition of lactose (a...... Read More

October 25, 2019
Suspension
The state of a solid when its particles are mixed with, but undissolved in, a fluid or another solid; a two-phase system consisting of a finely divided solid dispersed in a solid, liquid or gas... Read More
The state of a solid when its particles are mixed with, but undissolved in, a fluid or another solid; a two-phase sys..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Sur lie
French term for leaving the wine in contact with its lees... Read More
French term for leaving the wine in contact with its lees... Read More

October 25, 2019
Sucrose
This disaccharide consists of a fructose molecule joined with a glucose molecule. It is most readily available as cane sugar.. Read More
This disaccharide consists of a fructose molecule joined with a glucose molecule. It is most readily available as can..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Stewing
The process by which crystal malts are produced. Whole damp malt is heated to saccharification temperatures, allowing the amylase enzymes which are naturally present in the malt to convert the starches into sugars. The malt is then kilned (heated), to dry it and impart color and flavor... Read More
The process by which crystal malts are produced. Whole damp malt is heated to saccharification temperatures, allowing..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Sterilize
To kill all microbes present in a substance (or on surface). Typically requires the use of an autoclave... Read More
To kill all microbes present in a substance (or on surface). Typically requires the use of an autoclave... Read More

October 25, 2019
Steeping Grains
Used in extract brewing applications. It is the process of soaking grains (usually specialty grains) in water to extract color/flavor/aroma/body. Steeping differs from mashing in that there is no starch-to-sugar conversion... Read More
Used in extract brewing applications. It is the process of soaking grains (usually specialty grains) in water to extr..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Steam Beer
Top fermenting beer of very high carbon dioxide content, originated in California. See California Common... Read More
Top fermenting beer of very high carbon dioxide content, originated in California. See California Common... Read More

October 25, 2019
Starter
A vigorous yeast culture prepared in advance to ensure a strong initial ferment. Also describes reserving and nurturing a sample of yeast for future use... Read More
A vigorous yeast culture prepared in advance to ensure a strong initial ferment. Also describes reserving and nurturi..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Starch haze
A haze in the finished beer which results from the presence of unconverted starch. Starch haze differs from chill haze in that it is present regardless of whether the beer is chilled, or at room temperature... Read More
A haze in the finished beer which results from the presence of unconverted starch. Starch haze differs from chill haz..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Starch
Complex branches chain of from 25 to more than 1000 glucose residues. Starch is often used as a general term for all large glucose sugars (amylose, amylopectin, and true starch). This usage is, in strict biochemical terms, incorrect... Read More
Complex branches chain of from 25 to more than 1000 glucose residues. Starch is often used as a general term for all ..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Splashing
Aerating wine or beer to release carbon dioxide gas, also known as de-gassing... Read More
Aerating wine or beer to release carbon dioxide gas, also known as de-gassing... Read More

October 25, 2019
Spiles
Small, wooden pegs or plugs, used to close vent holes in barrels... Read More
Small, wooden pegs or plugs, used to close vent holes in barrels... Read More

October 25, 2019
Spigot
A faucet used to regulate the flow of liquids from the bunghole of a barrel... Read More
A faucet used to regulate the flow of liquids from the bunghole of a barrel... Read More

October 25, 2019
Specialty Malts
Malts used in lesser quantities in the mash that are usually used to impart flavor/color/aroma. Most specialty grains do not need to be mashed and can be steeped... Read More
Malts used in lesser quantities in the mash that are usually used to impart flavor/color/aroma. Most specialty grains..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Sparging
Rinsing excess sugars from the grain after mashing... Read More
Rinsing excess sugars from the grain after mashing... Read More

October 25, 2019
Sound wine
Wine with no obvious defect... Read More
Wine with no obvious defect... Read More

October 25, 2019
Slurry
A thin mixture of water and insoluble solids... Read More
A thin mixture of water and insoluble solids... Read More

October 25, 2019
Silica gel
A hard, glassy substance made from specially processed silica (sand), which contains microscopic pores. SOmetimes used as a beer clarification agent; can also be used as a dessicant (moisture absorber), due to its extreme attraction for water... Read More
A hard, glassy substance made from specially processed silica (sand), which contains microscopic pores. SOmetimes use..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae
Scientific name for ale yeast. Top fermenting yeast... Read More
Scientific name for ale yeast. Top fermenting yeast... Read More

October 25, 2019
Saccharomyces Carlsbergensis
Scientic name for lager yeast. Bottom fermenting yeast... Read More
Scientic name for lager yeast. Bottom fermenting yeast... Read More

October 25, 2019
Saccharometer
Any devise for measuring the amount of sugar in a solution. A specially calibrated hydrometer... Read More
Any devise for measuring the amount of sugar in a solution. A specially calibrated hydrometer... Read More

October 25, 2019
Russian Imperial Stout
A very strong, dark (nearly black), intensely roasty and malty ale. So named becasue it supposedly was originally brewed (in England) for export to Russia... Read More
A very strong, dark (nearly black), intensely roasty and malty ale. So named becasue it supposedly was originally bre..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Roasted Malt
Malt used for coloring purposes... Read More
Malt used for coloring purposes... Read More

October 25, 2019
Respiration
The sum total chemical reactions in living cells which release energy. The aggregate of those processes by which oxygen is introduced into the system and carbon dioxide removed. .. Read More
The sum total chemical reactions in living cells which release energy. The aggregate of those processes by which oxy..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Reinheitsgebot
The Reinheitsgebot (German pronunciation: "Rine-hites-ge-boat", literally "purity order") was an ordinance brought forth by Duke Wilhelm IVan in the city of Ingolstadt in the duchy of Bavaria on April 23, 1516. The ordinance sought to restrict which grains could be used in beer production. The re..... Read More
The Reinheitsgebot (German pronunciation: "Rine-hites-ge-boat", literally "purity order") was an ordinance brought fo..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Rehydration
The process of adding water to dry dormant yeast cells to hydrate the cell walls, and bring the yeast into an active state. Consult yeast manufacturer’s instructions for proper yeast rehydration... Read More
The process of adding water to dry dormant yeast cells to hydrate the cell walls, and bring the yeast into an active ..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Reductive Wines
Wines that are permitted little or no oxygen and are consumed young... Read More
Wines that are permitted little or no oxygen and are consumed young... Read More

October 25, 2019
Raffinose
Trisaccharide composed of one galactose, one glucose and one fructose molecules. Although not a major component of beer wort, raffinose is used to biochemically define lager and ale yeast. Lager yeast completely process raffinose; ale yeast leave a residual G- G sugar, known as melibiose... Read More
Trisaccharide composed of one galactose, one glucose and one fructose molecules. Although not a major component of be..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Rack
Also referred to as "transfer." To move beer from one vessel to another, usually through siphoning... Read More
Also referred to as "transfer." To move beer from one vessel to another, usually through siphoning... Read More

October 25, 2019
Original Gravity
Original GravityThe density of the wort before fermentation occurs.Abbreviated O.G. Strictly speaking, the specific gravity, but usually taken Gravity to mean the degree Balling or Plato of the wort leaving the brew kettle... Read More
Original GravityThe density of the wort before fermentation occurs.Abbreviated O.G. Strictly speaking, the specific g..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Pulp
Crushed fruit or grape solids.. Read More
Crushed fruit or grape solids.. Read More

October 25, 2019
Propagate
To be produced or multiplied by generation. To cause to spread, to multiply as by seeds, cuttings, etc... Read More
To be produced or multiplied by generation. To cause to spread, to multiply as by seeds, cuttings, etc... Read More

October 25, 2019
Proof
The alcohol content of beer and wine is normally described in percent by volume. With spirits or distilled products the percentage multiplies by two, i.e., whiskey that is 50% alcohol is 100 proof. Now you know... Read More
The alcohol content of beer and wine is normally described in percent by volume. With spirits or distilled products t..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Priming
Addition of a fermentable sugar to a finished beer to carbonate the beer in the bottle. Also called bottle conditioning. Corn sugar is a common priming sugar... Read More
Addition of a fermentable sugar to a finished beer to carbonate the beer in the bottle. Also called bottle conditioni..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Pressing
Squeezing juice from crushed fruit... Read More
Squeezing juice from crushed fruit... Read More

October 25, 2019
Potassium sorbate
Stabilizing agent that prevents renewed fermentation in sweetened wine... Read More
Stabilizing agent that prevents renewed fermentation in sweetened wine... Read More

October 25, 2019
Poppet
A small, spring-loaded valve located inside a soda keg fitting. The poppet is what seals the fitting when the hose fitting is removed. Poppets are the most likely source of leaks on older soda kegs; replacements are available from various on-line vendors... Read More
A small, spring-loaded valve located inside a soda keg fitting. The poppet is what seals the fitting when the hose fi..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Points Per Pound Per Gallon (PPG)
The US homebrewers unit for total soluble extract of a malt, based on specific gravity. The unit describes the change in specific gravity (points) per pound of malt, when dissolved in a known volume of water (gallons). Can also be written as gallon*degrees per pound... Read More
The US homebrewers unit for total soluble extract of a malt, based on specific gravity. The unit describes the change..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Plato
A scale for measuring the weight of the wort relative to a weight of a solution of sucrose in water. 12 degrees Plato represents 100 grams of sucrose/water solution of which 12 grams are sucrose. It is said to be more accurate than the Balling scale... Read More
A scale for measuring the weight of the wort relative to a weight of a solution of sucrose in water. 12 degrees Plato..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Plastic
A substance capable of or the property of being deformed continuously and permanently in any direction without rupture, under a stress greater than the yield value... Read More
A substance capable of or the property of being deformed continuously and permanently in any direction without ruptur..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Pitch
Adding yeast to the cooled wort... Read More
Adding yeast to the cooled wort... Read More

October 25, 2019
Phenols/Phenolic
Off-flavor in most beer styles (except weizens and some Belgian styles) which can manifest themselves as a medicinal/clovey/band-aid type flavor or aroma. High levels of phenols may be caused by contamination or tannins extracted from the grain husks... Read More
Off-flavor in most beer styles (except weizens and some Belgian styles) which can manifest themselves as a medicinal/..... Read More

October 25, 2019
pH
The negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration. pH values range from 0 to 14, below 7 being the acid range and above 7 the basic range... Read More
The negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration. pH values range from 0 to 14, below 7 being the acid range ..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Pasteurization
Exposure of packaged beer to 140°F or 60°C., for one Unit (PU) minute... Read More
Exposure of packaged beer to 140°F or 60°C., for one Unit (PU) minute... Read More

October 25, 2019
Oxidative wines
Wines that need to absorb small quantities of oxygen during a lengthy aging... Read More
Wines that need to absorb small quantities of oxygen during a lengthy aging... Read More

October 25, 2019
Oxidation
Off-flavor in most beer styles which is caused by the introduction of oxygen to fermented beer. It produces a stale, cardboardy flavor and aroma... Read More
Off-flavor in most beer styles which is caused by the introduction of oxygen to fermented beer. It produces a stale, ..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Organic
Basically the chemistry of natural or synthetic carbon compounds with Chemistry carbon combining mainly with O, H, N, S, P... Read More
Basically the chemistry of natural or synthetic carbon compounds with Chemistry carbon combining mainly with O, H, N,..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Ordinary Bitter
A gold to copper colored, low alcohol, low carbonation English-style ale... Read More
A gold to copper colored, low alcohol, low carbonation English-style ale... Read More

October 25, 2019
Oktoberfest
A gold to amber colored, malty, German-style lager beer, with moderate hop bitterness. Also sometimes called Marzen... Read More
A gold to amber colored, malty, German-style lager beer, with moderate hop bitterness. Also sometimes called Marzen... Read More

October 25, 2019
NHC
National Homebrew Competition. An annual homebrew competition sponsored by the American Homebrewers Association. Brewers submit entries to a first round judging in their geographic area; winners from the first round judging advance to a second round (national) judging... Read More
National Homebrew Competition. An annual homebrew competition sponsored by the American Homebrewers Association. Brew..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Mycoderma
Mycoderma is a spoilage organism. Also known as a mother in vineger... Read More
Mycoderma is a spoilage organism. Also known as a mother in vineger... Read More

October 25, 2019
Must
Raw wine. The mixture of fruit juice, sugar, water and yeast which eventually ferments into wine... Read More
Raw wine. The mixture of fruit juice, sugar, water and yeast which eventually ferments into wine... Read More

October 25, 2019
Mulled Wine
Red wine that has been mixed with sugar, lemon, and spices, usually including cinnamon, cloves, and nutmeg. Served hot... Read More
Red wine that has been mixed with sugar, lemon, and spices, usually including cinnamon, cloves, and nutmeg. Served hot... Read More

October 25, 2019
Micron
0.001 millimeter... Read More
0.001 millimeter... Read More

October 25, 2019
Metabisulphite
Antioxidant and bactericide that releases sulphur dioxide into wine... Read More
Antioxidant and bactericide that releases sulphur dioxide into wine... Read More

October 25, 2019
Mead
An alcoholic beverage produced by the fermentation of honey. For a traditional mead, the honey is mixed with water. In a fruit mead, the honey is mixed with fruit juice. Mead is really more of a wine than a beer, since it does not contain any grain sugars. Mead can be broadly classified based on ..... Read More
An alcoholic beverage produced by the fermentation of honey. For a traditional mead, the honey is mixed with water. I..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Mash
The mixture of water with malt, fruit, grain, etc., used in fermenting alcoholic beverages. In beer making, called mash, then wort when the solids are removed and the liquid is boiled with hops. In wine making, called must, which may include crushed fruit and sugar or just the juice or liquid. Ma..... Read More
The mixture of water with malt, fruit, grain, etc., used in fermenting alcoholic beverages. In beer making, called ma..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Maris Otter
A type of British 2-row malt, prized for its plump kernels and refined flavor. Since Maris Otter does not yield as well as other, newer strains, it is not grown in great quantities; this tends to make it significantly more expensive than "normal 2-row malt... Read More
A type of British 2-row malt, prized for its plump kernels and refined flavor. Since Maris Otter does not yield as we..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Manifold
A device used at the bottom of a lauter tun, to strain the wort from the grain. Manifolds are commonly constructed from pieces of metal or plastic tubing, connected in a flat ring or "H" shape, into which holes or slots have been cut. The tubing is attached to a fitting which passes through the w..... Read More
A device used at the bottom of a lauter tun, to strain the wort from the grain. Manifolds are commonly constructed fr..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Maltose
A crystalline sugar C12H22O11 formed from starch by the action of amylase. It is dextrorotatory and the main source of fermentable extract in brewing... Read More
A crystalline sugar C12H22O11 formed from starch by the action of amylase. It is dextrorotatory and the main source o..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Malting
The process which basically consists of immersing or soaking grains in water until they germinate, then drying and kilning them in a way which develops the needed enzymes in malt for mashing later... Read More
The process which basically consists of immersing or soaking grains in water until they germinate, then drying and ki..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Malt Extract
A condensed/concentrated wort that is used by homebrewers. It is found in either a liquid or dry form... Read More
A condensed/concentrated wort that is used by homebrewers. It is found in either a liquid or dry form... Read More

October 25, 2019
Malt
Usually refers to malted barley but is also used to refer to any grain, rye, wheat, or barely, etc, that has gone through the malting process... Read More
Usually refers to malted barley but is also used to refer to any grain, rye, wheat, or barely, etc, that has gone thr..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Maibock
Essentially the same thing as Helles Bock. A pale colored Bock beer... Read More
Essentially the same thing as Helles Bock. A pale colored Bock beer... Read More

October 25, 2019
Lysis
Breaking apart of cells... Read More
Breaking apart of cells... Read More

October 25, 2019
Lupulin
The fine, yellow, resinous powder on the strobile of hops... Read More
The fine, yellow, resinous powder on the strobile of hops... Read More

October 25, 2019
Lovibond
Measurement with which malt and beer color is compared against. The higher the lovibond, the darker the color... Read More
Measurement with which malt and beer color is compared against. The higher the lovibond, the darker the color... Read More

October 25, 2019
Liquefaction
As alpha amylase breaks up the branched amylopectin molecules in the mash, the mash becomes less viscous and more fluid; hence the term liquefaction of the mash and alpha amylase being referred to as the liquefying enzyme.. Read More
As alpha amylase breaks up the branched amylopectin molecules in the mash, the mash becomes less viscous and more flu..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Les garagistes
Is a French term that describes small-scale, progressive winemakers who have very basic facilities but make outstanding wines. The movement started in Bordeaux in the 1980s and has spread worldwide. Les garagistes- winemakers who break all traditions and spurn the idea that one needs millions of ..... Read More
Is a French term that describes small-scale, progressive winemakers who have very basic facilities but make outstandi..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Lees
The sediment that forms over time as small pieces of yeasts and grape skins settle to the bottom of the carboy or barrel. Healthy lees contribute a texture, richness and complexity that define great wine... Read More
The sediment that forms over time as small pieces of yeasts and grape skins settle to the bottom of the carboy or bar..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Leaching
Removal of dissolvable matter from its mixture with an insoluble solid; major part occurring during mashing.. Read More
Removal of dissolvable matter from its mixture with an insoluble solid; major part occurring during mashing.. Read More

October 25, 2019
Lauter Tub
Vertical and usually cylindrical, straining tank having a false bottom for separating the wort from the spent grains... Read More
Vertical and usually cylindrical, straining tank having a false bottom for separating the wort from the spent grains... Read More

October 25, 2019
Lambic
A type of Belgian beer fermented using wild instead of cultured yeasts... Read More
A type of Belgian beer fermented using wild instead of cultured yeasts... Read More

October 25, 2019
Lager
To age; to store, frequently while a slow after or secondary fermentation process under bunging pressure is taking place; lager means storage in German. A class of beer made with a bottom-fermenting yeast strain. Usually fermented at cooler temperatures than ale and lagered (stored cold) after fe..... Read More
To age; to store, frequently while a slow after or secondary fermentation process under bunging pressure is taking pl..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Lactic acid
An organic acid, which gives spoiled milk its sourness. Small amounts of pure lactic acid are commonly used as a brewing water additive to reduce pH. Certain types of bacterial infections may produce large quantities of lactic acid during fermentation, imparting a distinct sour flavor to the fini..... Read More
An organic acid, which gives spoiled milk its sourness. Small amounts of pure lactic acid are commonly used as a brew..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Kriek
A Lambic fermented with cherries... Read More
A Lambic fermented with cherries... Read More

October 25, 2019
Krausen
Krausen, pronounced, kroy-zen, is the foamy and bubbly head that forms on top of beer during primary fermentation. As yeast ferments the sugars in a beer, it creates a great deal of CO2. The Krausen is formed as the CO2 rises to the top of the beer mixing with proteins, yeast and residues in the ..... Read More
Krausen, pronounced, kroy-zen, is the foamy and bubbly head that forms on top of beer during primary fermentation. As..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Kit
Usually refers to a hopped malt extract... Read More
Usually refers to a hopped malt extract... Read More

October 25, 2019
Kieselguhr
Natural diatomaceous earth... Read More
Natural diatomaceous earth... Read More

October 25, 2019
Kernel
The whole grain or seed of a cereal or the inner portion of a seed... Read More
The whole grain or seed of a cereal or the inner portion of a seed... Read More

October 25, 2019
Keg
A single concentric aperture container in aluminum and stainless steel, ranging in size from 5 liters (1.1 Imp. Gallon) to 170 liters (36 Imp. Gallon). Originally designed for automated processing, improved dispensing and extending the shelf life of filtered beers by dispensing under inert gas (C..... Read More
A single concentric aperture container in aluminum and stainless steel, ranging in size from 5 liters (1.1 Imp. Gallo..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Iso-electric Point
pH value at which the electrical charge of an amino acid is zero... Read More
pH value at which the electrical charge of an amino acid is zero... Read More

October 25, 2019
Isinglass
A semi-transparent, whitish and very pure form of gelatine, prepared from the air-bladders of certain fish, originally sturgeons, now largely cod, ling and carp... Read More
A semi-transparent, whitish and very pure form of gelatine, prepared from the air-bladders of certain fish, originall..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Irish Moss
Is a form of dried seaweed, used to help clarify beer. Irish moss is added to the kettle during the boil; it causes more of the dissolved proteins to precipitate out, in the form of hot break. This means there are less proteins left in the finished beer, resulting in less chill haze... Read More
Is a form of dried seaweed, used to help clarify beer. Irish moss is added to the kettle during the boil; it causes m..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Initial Mashing
The temperature at which malt and water are brought together at Temp commencement of mashing... Read More
The temperature at which malt and water are brought together at Temp commencement of mashing... Read More

October 25, 2019
Infusion Mash
Simplest procedure for conducting a mash in which crushed grain is mixed with hot water to arrive at a pre-determined rest... Read More
Simplest procedure for conducting a mash in which crushed grain is mixed with hot water to arrive at a pre-determined..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Ester
EsterProduct of a reaction between an acid and alcohol... Read More
EsterProduct of a reaction between an acid and alcohol... Read More

October 25, 2019
Dissociation
DissociationThe splitting of a compound into two or more simpler molecules, atoms, or ions... Read More
DissociationThe splitting of a compound into two or more simpler molecules, atoms, or ions... Read More

October 25, 2019
Cold Stabilizing
Cold StabilizingThis is the process of removing tartaric acid from wine by chilling the wine down below 30°F for a few weeks. The cold temperature causes the tartaric acid to bond to potassium and create large potassium bitartrate crystals that are too large to stay in solution. This is done for ..... Read More
Cold StabilizingThis is the process of removing tartaric acid from wine by chilling the wine down below 30°F for a fe..... Read More

October 25, 2019
In vivo
In the living organism... Read More
In the living organism... Read More

October 25, 2019
In Vitro
Literally, "in glass." Performed in a test tube or other laboratory apparatus... Read More
Literally, "in glass." Performed in a test tube or other laboratory apparatus... Read More

October 25, 2019
Infusion
Infusion is the process of extracting flavours from plant material by allowing the material to remain suspended within water... Read More
Infusion is the process of extracting flavours from plant material by allowing the material to remain suspended withi..... Read More

October 25, 2019
IBU
International Bitterness Unit. A measure of the bitterness in beer... Read More
International Bitterness Unit. A measure of the bitterness in beer... Read More

October 25, 2019
Hygrometer
An apparatus for measuring the degree of moisture of the atmosphere... Read More
An apparatus for measuring the degree of moisture of the atmosphere... Read More

October 25, 2019
Hydrolosis
A chemical process of decomposition involving addition of water... Read More
A chemical process of decomposition involving addition of water... Read More

October 25, 2019
Hybrid grapes
A cross between North American and European grapes... Read More
A cross between North American and European grapes... Read More

October 25, 2019
Humidity
a. The absolute humidity is the amount of vapor actually present in the air and is expressed either in its expansive force, or in its weight per given volume. b. Relative humidity is the ratio of the quantity of vapor actually present, to the greatest amount possible at the given condition. Compl..... Read More
a. The absolute humidity is the amount of vapor actually present in the air and is expressed either in its expansive ..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Hopback
A hopback is a sealed chamber that is inserted in between the brewing kettle and counter-flow wort chiller. Hops are added to the chamber, the hot wort from the kettle is run through it, and then immediately cooled in the wort chiller before entering the fermentation chamber. It facilitates maxim..... Read More
A hopback is a sealed chamber that is inserted in between the brewing kettle and counter-flow wort chiller. Hops are ..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Hop Nose
The fragrant odor of hops in beer... Read More
The fragrant odor of hops in beer... Read More

October 25, 2019
Hoop
A circular band, of metal, wire or wood, used to hold the staves of a barrel together... Read More
A circular band, of metal, wire or wood, used to hold the staves of a barrel together... Read More

October 25, 2019
Head (of beer)
The foam on beer... Read More
The foam on beer... Read More

October 25, 2019
Herbaceaous
Describes a wine that smells or tastes grassy or green. Often a characteristic of wines made from Sauvignon Blanc and Semillon grapes. Can also be found in very young wines that will change flavor as they age. Primarily a function of the grape variety, not soil or climate... Read More
Describes a wine that smells or tastes grassy or green. Often a characteristic of wines made from Sauvignon Blanc and..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Hardness
The hardness of water is equal to the concentration of dissolved calcium and magnesium ions. Usually expressed as ppm of (CaCO₃)... Read More
The hardness of water is equal to the concentration of dissolved calcium and magnesium ions. Usually expressed as ppm..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Gypsum
Sulfate of lime combined with water forms gypsum. Plaster of Paris is burnt gypsum, or gypsum freed from one half of its water content... Read More
Sulfate of lime combined with water forms gypsum. Plaster of Paris is burnt gypsum, or gypsum freed from one half of ..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Growler
Glass jug, typically ½ gallon capacity. Commonly used by brewpubs and micro breweries in the US, to sell fresh draft beer for carry-out... Read More
Glass jug, typically ½ gallon capacity. Commonly used by brewpubs and micro breweries in the US, to sell fresh draft ..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Grits
Hulled and coarsely ground grain; especially coarse hominy... Read More
Hulled and coarsely ground grain; especially coarse hominy... Read More

October 25, 2019
Grist
Crushed malt grains used for mashing. Grist should be only gently crushed to expose the husk interior, not broken apart or ground into powder. Ground grains will result in tannins and astringency in beer... Read More
Crushed malt grains used for mashing. Grist should be only gently crushed to expose the husk interior, not broken apa..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Grain bill
A list of the types and quantities of malt and other grains used in a beer recipe... Read More
A list of the types and quantities of malt and other grains used in a beer recipe... Read More

October 25, 2019
Glycerine
Used in wine making to make the wine more mellow, or have less bite... Read More
Used in wine making to make the wine more mellow, or have less bite... Read More

October 25, 2019
Glucose
The primary sugar found in grapes... Read More
The primary sugar found in grapes... Read More

October 25, 2019
Germination
Part of the malting process where the acrospire grows and begins to erupt from the hull... Read More
Part of the malting process where the acrospire grows and begins to erupt from the hull... Read More

October 25, 2019
Gelatinize
Starch gelatinization is the process of irreversibly dissolving the starch granule in water with the application of heat usually... Read More
Starch gelatinization is the process of irreversibly dissolving the starch granule in water with the application of h..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Full-bodied (wine)
Full-bodied wines are characterized by their ability to coat your mouth... Read More
Full-bodied wines are characterized by their ability to coat your mouth... Read More

October 25, 2019
Framboise
Framboise is used primarily in reference to a Belgian lambic that is fermented using raspberries... Read More
Framboise is used primarily in reference to a Belgian lambic that is fermented using raspberries... Read More

October 25, 2019
Foreign Extra Stout
Foreign Extra Stouts were designed for export. They are more heavily hopped than standard stouts. They also typically have a higher alcohol content... Read More
Foreign Extra Stouts were designed for export. They are more heavily hopped than standard stouts. They also typically..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Flor
Flor is Spanish and Portuguese for flower. It is a winemaking term that refers to the film of yeast on the surface of wine... Read More
Flor is Spanish and Portuguese for flower. It is a winemaking term that refers to the film of yeast on the surface of..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Flare fitting
Flare fittings are a style of compression fitting used to connect brew gear... Read More
Flare fittings are a style of compression fitting used to connect brew gear... Read More

October 25, 2019
First runnings
First runnings are the liquid that you would drain out of your mash tun before sparging... Read More
First runnings are the liquid that you would drain out of your mash tun before sparging... Read More

October 25, 2019
Fermentation Lock
A fermentation lock better known as an airlock is a piece of equipment or lid that is designed to let CO2 out without letting air back in to your fermentation vessel... Read More
A fermentation lock better known as an airlock is a piece of equipment or lid that is designed to let CO2 out without..... Read More

October 25, 2019
False Wine
A second wine made from the left over grape skins with sugar and water... Read More
A second wine made from the left over grape skins with sugar and water... Read More

October 25, 2019
Extraction
The soluble material derived from barley malt and adjuncts. Not necessarily fermentable... Read More
The soluble material derived from barley malt and adjuncts. Not necessarily fermentable... Read More

October 25, 2019
Ethanol
Also known as grain alcohol, ethanol is what gets us drunk. It is produced (along with co2) when sugars are fermented by yeast. The chemical formula for ethanol is C2H5OH... Read More
Also known as grain alcohol, ethanol is what gets us drunk. It is produced (along with co2) when sugars are fermented..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Enology
The science and study of winemaking. Also spelled oenology... Read More
The science and study of winemaking. Also spelled oenology... Read More

October 25, 2019
English Bitter
A gold to copper colored ale, with pronounced hop bitterness. The terms Ordinary Bitter, Best Bitter, and Strong Bitter are commonly used to refer to increasingly higher strength versions of Bitter. Stronger versions may slo be referred to as English Pale Ale... Read More
A gold to copper colored ale, with pronounced hop bitterness. The terms Ordinary Bitter, Best Bitter, and Strong Bitt..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Emulsion
A fine dispersion of minute droplets of one liquid in another in which it is not soluble or miscible... Read More
A fine dispersion of minute droplets of one liquid in another in which it is not soluble or miscible... Read More

October 25, 2019
Empirical
Depending on experience or observation alone... Read More
Depending on experience or observation alone... Read More

October 25, 2019
Dunkel
A dark, malty, German-style lager beer. The word "dunkel" means "dark", and is also sometimes used as an adjective, as in "Dunkel Weizen" (meaning dark wheat beer)... Read More
A dark, malty, German-style lager beer. The word "dunkel" means "dark", and is also sometimes used as an adjective, a..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Dry Stout
A very dark ale, with a roasted (sometimes coffee-like) character. Guinness Stout (draft) is the prototypical Dry Stout. Contrary to popular belief, Dry Stouts are generally not very alcoholic, and some examples may even be lower in alcohol than a typical American "mega-brew"... Read More
A very dark ale, with a roasted (sometimes coffee-like) character. Guinness Stout (draft) is the prototypical Dry Sto..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Doubling
The addition of unyeasted wort to beer in the first stage of the main fermentation... Read More
The addition of unyeasted wort to beer in the first stage of the main fermentation... Read More

October 25, 2019
Doppelbock
Most commonly used to refer to a very strong, German-style lager beer. To be called a Doppelbock under German law, a beer must have an original gravity of at least 18 P (specific gravity of 1.072). Most Doppelbocks have names ending in -otor, in the tradition of Paulaner Savator, which is widely ..... Read More
Most commonly used to refer to a very strong, German-style lager beer. To be called a Doppelbock under German law, a ..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Distillation
The process of heating a liquid to its boiling point, removing the vapors through a cooling and condensing apparatus, and finally collecting the condensed vapors, as a liquid, in a separate receiver. Method of separating liquids from solids or liquids having different boiling points from each oth..... Read More
The process of heating a liquid to its boiling point, removing the vapors through a cooling and condensing apparatus,..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Decoction
Mash method involving the boiling of parts of the mash and return of coagulation. It is characterized by a loss of solubility at the iso electric points, greater susceptibility to proteolytic enzymes, and a change in the specific rotation. It does not occur without the presence of water... Read More
Mash method involving the boiling of parts of the mash and return of coagulation. It is characterized by a loss of so..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Decanting
Decanting is a process of removing liquid from sediment that have fallen out of suspension. For example after making your yeast starter and cold crashing so that the yeast can fall out of suspension you would decant off the liquid... Read More
Decanting is a process of removing liquid from sediment that have fallen out of suspension. For example after making ..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Culture medium
Any nutrient system for the artificial cultivation of bacteria or other cells; usually a complex mixture of organic and inorganic materials... Read More
Any nutrient system for the artificial cultivation of bacteria or other cells; usually a complex mixture of organic a..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Culture
As a noun, cultivation of living organisms in prepared medium; as a verb, to grow in prepared medium... Read More
As a noun, cultivation of living organisms in prepared medium; as a verb, to grow in prepared medium... Read More

October 25, 2019
Crown Caps
Common metal caps used to seal beverage bottles by being crimped or squeezed on... Read More
Common metal caps used to seal beverage bottles by being crimped or squeezed on... Read More

October 25, 2019
Cream Ale
A variation on American Light Lager. Fermented as a ale but lagered. Typically contains rice or corn as an adjunct... Read More
A variation on American Light Lager. Fermented as a ale but lagered. Typically contains rice or corn as an adjunct... Read More

October 25, 2019
Coupling
A device that serves to connect the ends of adjacent parts or objects. Example: hose couplings... Read More
A device that serves to connect the ends of adjacent parts or objects. Example: hose couplings... Read More

October 25, 2019
Corn syrup
A sugar syrup which has been manufactured from corn. May contain flavorings (e.g. vanilla), and/.or preservatives... Read More
A sugar syrup which has been manufactured from corn. May contain flavorings (e.g. vanilla), and/.or preservatives... Read More

October 25, 2019
Corn
A cereal grain commonly used as an adjunct in American Light Lagers, and Classic American Pilsners. Also used in some British ales... Read More
A cereal grain commonly used as an adjunct in American Light Lagers, and Classic American Pilsners. Also used in some..... Read More

October 25, 2019
Corked
An expresssion used when a wine has gone bad. Typcially becasue the cork has lost its resilency and may even be crumbly... Read More
An expresssion used when a wine has gone bad. Typcially becasue the cork has lost its resilency and may even be crumbly... Read More

October 25, 2019
Cordial
Sweet fruit beverage, 20-24% alcohol.. Read More
Sweet fruit beverage, 20-24% alcohol.. Read More

October 25, 2019
Copper
A British term for the kettle... Read More
A British term for the kettle... Read More